| Summary: | SUMMARIES. This paper was delivered during the session "Chemical Analysis in the Preservation of Historical Monuments" organised by the Department of Chemistry of the Warsaw University on 20 October 1999. The author of this paper presents the problem of "acid paper" which concerns paper--based works created in the 19th and 20th centuries. Paper produced at that time was particularly sensitive to all external factors. Endangered library and archive collections should be saved. During the last thirty years intensive work was carried out to deacidify books and documents on a mass scale. The author of this paper presents the results of chemical analysis studies of papers subjected to the treatmant of deacidification and strengthening using EMS electron microprobe. The application of modern analytical techniques, e.g. X-ray microprobe analyser (EMS electron microprobe) allows us to carry out quantitative and qualitative chemical analysis in micrometer scope. This is a much more precise method than the mass analysis generally applied to identify alkali reserve (ISO 10716:1994) which requires approximately 1 gram of paper. In addition, drawings presented chemical changes taking place in papers subjected to the processes of mass conservation, particularly with regard to the dissemination of buffer substance on the surface of paper. Analytical pictures of papers contain sulphur, oxygen and magnesium were also shown. These elements demonstrate the effects of papper conservation.
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