The Effect of Rutile on the Properties of Wood Pulp
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English Slovak |
| ISSN: | ISSN 0034-5806 |
| Online Access: | http://www.viks.sk/chk/res_3_04_149_158.doc |
| Abstract: | SUMMARY. The effect of rutile grade TiO2 added in concentrations ranging from 2%-8% to wood pulp on mechanical optical, physical and electric properties was studied using, x-ray diffraction, infra red spectroscopy and spectrographic atomic emission. The results showed that rutile was effective at reducing water retention and also providing improvements in the mechanical and optical properties of paper. CONCLUSION. Addition of different concentrations of rutile to wood pulp had a significant influence on the physical and mechanical properties and stability of paper. It made the paper less transparent and smoother, whiter, somewhat lustrous, more flexible and water repellent, it enhanced its UV absorbing capacity and provided better ageing stability. All mechanical properties, with the exception of tearing resistance (breaking length), increased with an increase in the TiO2 content. Addition of rutile enhanced the ability of the paper to repel water. With a 2% concentration water absorbance was significantly reduced. 4% and 6% concentrations had only little further effect, but 8% resulted in another greater step. Looking at crystallinity, 2% TiO2 gave the highest and 4% the lowest degree. Electrical resistivity generally increased with greater TiO2 content of the samples up to 6% and decreased when the concentration was raised to 8%. The highest value was found with a 6% TiO2 content at 80C. Quite striking was the fact that, at the highest (120C) and at the lowest temperatures (room temp, ca. 25C) electrical resistivity decreased as the TiO2 content increased from 2% to 4%. Using spectrographic atomic emission spectroscopy method, a large number of elements such as Cu, Fe, Nb, Sn and V were found. Again at 4% it was striking to observe that there was quite a high relevant content - higher than that seen in the sample containing a 6% concentration. |
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| ISSN: | ISSN 0034-5806 |
